61-year-old man presented to ED with hypoglycemia that was difficult to correct with oral and IV dextrose. His venous blood gases showed the following.
PH = 7.30
PCO2 = 33 mmol/L
61-year-old man presented to ED with hypoglycemia that was difficult to correct with oral and IV dextrose. His venous blood gases showed the following.
PH = 7.30
PCO2 = 33 mmol/L
Question 1:
PH = 7.29 That is moderate acidaemia
PCO2 = 60 mmHg, that is high (>40). So, we have respiratory acidosis.
Next, we need to look at HCO3 to determine if it is acute or chronic respiratory acidosis.
72 year old man with history of COPD presented with shortness of breath. His chest auscultation revealed bilateral wheezes.
His arterial blood gas on 40% O2 showed the following:
PH = 7.29
PCO2 = 60 mmHg
Answers:
Question 1:
PH = 7.475, that is mild alkalaemia.
pCO2 = 24 mmHg. So, we have respiratory alkalosis.
14-year-old girl, COVID day 2, presented with delirium. Her venous blood gases showed the following:
Ph = 7.475
pCO2 = 24 mmHg
PH = 7.28, that is moderate acidaemia.
PCO2 = 73 mmHg. This means we have respiratory acidosis.
An alcoholic person with severe peripheral neuropathy was brought to ED with low GCS. He had multiple vomiting episodes the day before being brought to ED.
His venous blood gases showed the following:
PH = 7.28
Answers:
PH = 7.10, that is severe acidaemia.
HCO3 = 11 mmol/L, this means we have metabolic acidosis.
Next, we need to calculate the anion gap and the compensation.
48-year-old alcoholic woman presented with confusion; her venous blood gases showed the following:
PH = 7.10
pCO2 = 36 mmHg
Answers:
PH = 7.579, that is severe alkalaemia
HCO3 = 45 mmol/L. So, we have metabolic alkalosis. Next, we need to calculate the expectation. For metabolic alkalosis we use the following formula: