Question 1:
PH = 7.30 that is mild acidaemia.
HCO3 = 16 mmol/L (>24) so we have metabolic acidosis.
Next, we need to calculate the anion gap and the compensation (using Winter’s formula)
Question 1:
PH = 7.30 that is mild acidaemia.
HCO3 = 16 mmol/L (>24) so we have metabolic acidosis.
Next, we need to calculate the anion gap and the compensation (using Winter’s formula)
The following ankle x-ray is from a 13 year old with severe ankle pain & swelling post twisting injury to the ankle. What can be observed? Continue reading
The following ECG is from a 40-year-old man who presents overnight with left sided sharp chest pain which has woken him from sleep. He describes the pain as radiating into his left arm. He looks well from the end of the bed and his observations are unremarkable.
He has a past medical history which is significant for hypertension, hypercholesterolaemia and a strong family history of ischaemic heart disease.
What are the key abnormalities and how will you manage this patient?
61-year-old man presented to ED with hypoglycemia that was difficult to correct with oral and IV dextrose. His venous blood gases showed the following.
PH = 7.30
PCO2 = 33 mmol/L
Answers:
PH = 7.39, that is within normal range/
pCO2 = 48 mmHg, that is slightly elevated (Can be considered normal for venous blood)
HCO3 = 29 mmol/L. That is high (Normal value is 24 mmol/L), SO, we have metabolic alkalosis.
Proton Pump Inhibitor Use and Risk of Serious Infections in Young Children
Marion Lassalle, PharmD, PhD1; Mahmoud Zureik, MD, PhD1,2; Rosemary Dray-Spira, MD, PhD1
August 14, 2023 doi:10.1001/jamapediatrics.2023.2900 Continue reading
The following ECG is from a 60 year old lady with chest pain and dyspnoea a few hours after finishing a triathlon. At the scene she was hypothermic at 32 degrees.
On arrival to ED she has no chest pain but ongoing dyspnoea and her temperature has normalised.
This is her initial ECG, what are the key abnormalities and how will you manage the patient?
With thanks to Dr Lorna Cronin for ECG and answer.
The neck x-ray is from an adult patient with dysphagia after dinner. What can be seen? Continue reading
80 year old lady with type 2 DM was referred for high blood sugar. Her blood gases showed the following:
PH = 7.39
pCO2 = 48 mmol/L
Answers:
PH = 7.34, that is very mild acidaemia.
HCO3 = 14 mmol/L. So, we have metabolic acidosis.
Next we need to calculate Anion Gap and compensation.