FOAM Eye-Catchers 10: Apnoeic Oxygenation – new trial questions value of NODESAT

A new RCT called the FELLOW trial examining the benefits of NODESAT (Nasal Oxygenation During Attempts at Larngoscopy) has been published online and Emcrit has just released a podcast interviewing the leader author. There is also a brief review of this paper at emlitofnote.

This is a RCT in a single medical ICU randomising patients to NODESAT or usual care. Surprisingly it found no benefit in the primary outcome – the lowest measured arterial oxygen saturation.

However there was some key aspects of this trial that seriously affect its generalisability to ED and operating room patients: Continue reading

FOAM Eye-Catchers 9: Early Goal Directed Therapy is Dead

Apologies for the recent hiatus in FOAM Eye-Catchers – have had my head down in fellowship exam study.

The big news of late is that the 3rd episode in the trilogy of multi-centre trials evaluating Early Goal Directed Therapy (EGDT) for septic shock has been released.

First we had PROCESS from the US, then came ARISE from Australia/NZ and now we have PROMISE from the UK.

Continue reading

FOAM Eye-Catchers 7: SMACC GOLD Highlights

Having recently returned from the FOAM-ite mecca, SMACC GOLD, in this edition I take a look at just a few of the many highlights.  Given there were frequently 3 speakers on at the same time, there were many talks that I missed so this is not an all inclusive list by any means. Continue reading

FOAM Eye-Catchers 5: ACEP says fasting is not required for procedural sedation in ED

HOT OFF THE PRESS: ACEP has just published a new Clinical Policy: Procedural Sedation and Analgesia in the Emergency Department, in the February edition of Annals of Emergency Medicine. After reviewing the relevant literature they have made several important recommendations including:

1. Do not delay procedural sedation in adults or pediatrics in the ED based on fasting time. Pre procedural fasting for any duration has not demonstrated a reduction in the risk of emesis or aspiration when administering procedural sedation and analgesia [Level B]

Continue reading

Lab Case 1

Describe and interpret this arterial blood gas:

History: 45y male found in his garage. Brought in by ambulance with altered mental state.  His arterial blood gas on arrival (FiO2 = 0.21%):

pH 6.90                                                                Na 153

pCO2 20                                                               K 4.1

pO2 115                                                                Cl 109

HCO3 4.0                                                              Glucose 5.2

COHb <1.0%                                                         Urea 5.5

Ethanol <0.01%                                                      Osmolality  335